Sulfur metabolism and immune-microbial networks across oral niches in periodontal disease
A. S. Stephen, V. Nagala, B. Fattah, N. Dhadwal, C. Gonzales-Marin, D. G. Gillam, D. J. Bradshaw, G. R. Burnett, R. P. Allaker · 2026
Read Sulfur metabolism and immune-microbial networks across oral niches in periodontal disease by A. S. Stephen, V. Nagala, B. Fattah, N. Dhadwal, C. Gonzales-Marin, D. G. Gillam, D. J. Bradshaw, G. R. Burnett, R. P. Allaker (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13688991.txt.
Description
The authors present a 2026 study of sulfur chemistry in the mouth during gum disease. Sulfur gases made by microbes cause bad breath and tie into local inflammation. The team sampled five mouth sites, from saliva to the plaque under the gumline, across health, early gum disease, and advanced disease. They combined gas measures, microbe profiling, functional tests, and immune signal readings into one network view.
Gas levels under the gumline ran high in advanced disease and tracked shifts in microbe mixes and immune signals. Biofilms below the gumline and on the tongue made the most gas per unit of protein. Where each sulfur pathway ran strongest shifted with disease stage and site. The authors name the space under the gumline as the key source. They propose its gas level as a marker joining microbe imbalance and inflammation.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | A. S. Stephen, V. Nagala, B. Fattah, N. Dhadwal, C. Gonzales-Marin, D. G. Gillam, D. J. Bradshaw, G. R. Burnett, R. P. Allaker |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 54 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |