Not that cloze: Sentence constraint is influenced by language and language dominance
Ana Bautista, Clara D Martin · 2026
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Description
Ana Bautista and Clara Martin studied in 2026 how a speaker's language and dominant language shape sentence expectations. Cloze tests, where people complete a cut-off sentence, are used to set norms for how strongly a sentence points to one ending. Those norms only work if the test group matches the study group, which is rarely checked.
Spanish- and French-dominant speakers gave similarly strong expectations on the same translated sentences, though their answers aligned only moderately item by item. Speakers tested in a non-dominant language showed weaker expectations overall. Two groups of non-dominant speakers aligned with each other most strongly. The authors offer guidance for designing prediction studies across varied speaker groups.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Ana Bautista, Clara D Martin |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 50 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |