Sex Biases in Patterns of Parental Investment
F Sid Dougan, William Costello, David M Buss · 2026
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Description
Sid Dougan, William Costello, and David Buss asked whether parents invest differently in daughters and sons, and whether mothers and fathers invest in different ways, in a 2026 study. Parental investment is more than money: it spans teaching, guarding, coaching, and care. The team reasoned that each sex faced distinct challenges in the past, so care should bend toward those challenges. They surveyed one hundred five adults on the care they recalled receiving.
The survey covered seventy-three behaviors in thirteen groups. Daughters recalled more guidance on mates and ties, more protection, and more material support. Sons recalled more sports training, more freedom on sexual matters, and more praise for rivalry. Mothers led in direct care, bonding, and moral guidance. Fathers led in sports and hands-on skills. Care tied to shared needs showed no sex gap. The authors read the pattern as a map of old challenges.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | F Sid Dougan, William Costello, David M Buss |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 78 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |