Technology-Related Trace Elements in Paediatric Scalp-Hair Biomonitoring: Biomarker Validity, Environmental Relevance, and Implications for Risk Assessment
Antonio Peña-Fernández, Rafael Moreno-Gómez-Toledano, Borja Martínez-Alonso, M. Ángeles Peña Fernández · 2026
Read Technology-Related Trace Elements in Paediatric Scalp-Hair Biomonitoring: Biomarker Validity, Environmental Relevance, and Implications for Risk Assessment by Antonio Peña-Fernández, Rafael Moreno-Gómez-Toledano, Borja Martínez-Alonso, M. Ángeles Peña Fernández (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13611082.txt.
Description
Antonio Peña-Fernández and three colleagues present a 2026 review on measuring children's exposure to technology-related trace elements through hair. Rare earths, platinum-group metals, and similar elements are spreading with modern devices, and scalp hair is an easy, painless sample. But a hair reading mixes what the body absorbed with dust and sweat deposited from outside.
The authors audited the evidence element by element. Hair can reveal place-to-place contrasts and pollution sources, yet for children no validated health limits exist for any of the target elements in hair. Urine often tracks real exposure better. They propose a seven-stage weight-of-evidence scheme that treats hair as a screening tool inside a multi-sample assessment, not a stand-alone risk measure.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Antonio Peña-Fernández, Rafael Moreno-Gómez-Toledano, Borja Martínez-Alonso, M. Ángeles Peña Fernández |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 62 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |