When Empiric Therapy Fails: Clinical and Economic Consequences in uUTIs Among US Women
Debra L. Fromer, Jeffrey J. Ellis, Rose Chang, Meghan E. Luck, Megan Pinaire, Malena Mahendran, Madison Preib, Mei Sheng Duh, Amy Edgecomb · 2026
Read When Empiric Therapy Fails: Clinical and Economic Consequences in uUTIs Among US Women by Debra L. Fromer, Jeffrey J. Ellis, Rose Chang, Meghan E. Luck, Megan Pinaire, Malena Mahendran, Madison Preib, Mei Sheng Duh, Amy Edgecomb (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13609793.txt.
Description
Debra Fromer and co-authors studied in 2026 what happens when the first antibiotic fails for an uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women in the United States. Treatment failure was defined by a second prescription, an intravenous antibiotic, or an emergency visit or hospital stay for the infection within weeks. Records came from a large electronic health data set.
About one in six patients met the failure definition. Those patients faced higher risks of the infection returning and of it climbing to the kidneys over the next year. They also used far more health care, both overall and for the urinary problem, during the episode and beyond. The authors stress the clinical and cost burden of failed first treatment.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Debra L. Fromer, Jeffrey J. Ellis, Rose Chang, Meghan E. Luck, Megan Pinaire, Malena Mahendran, Madison Preib, Mei Sheng Duh, Amy Edgecomb |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 22 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |