Real-World Shelf Life of Epinephrine Auto-Injectors in Canada: Implications for Renewal Frequency and Patient Burden
John Papastergiou, Mille Vang Lybech, Christoffer Mertz, Anne Danø, Jess Finney, David Grabowski · 2026
Read Real-World Shelf Life of Epinephrine Auto-Injectors in Canada: Implications for Renewal Frequency and Patient Burden by John Papastergiou, Mille Vang Lybech, Christoffer Mertz, Anne Danø, Jess Finney, David Grabowski (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13608879.txt.
Description
John Papastergiou and colleagues measured allergy pen shelf life in Canada in two thousand twenty-six. People at risk of severe allergy should carry two in-date pens. Yet pens often sit in pharmacies before sale. Their remaining life at purchase was understudied. Pharmacists across many store types checked their full stock.
Average remaining life at dispensing was just over a year. Nearly half the pens had a year or less left. Expiry was the top reason pens got thrown away. Short remaining life means more renewals and cost. It also raises the risk of carrying an expired pen. Patients and pharmacists both feel that burden.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | John Papastergiou, Mille Vang Lybech, Christoffer Mertz, Anne Danø, Jess Finney, David Grabowski |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 19 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |