A control theoretic primer for systems endocrinology
Massoud Boroujerdi · 2026
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Description
Massoud Boroujerdi writes a primer that brings control theory to hormone systems in this 2026 paper. Hormone networks oscillate, respond in bursts, and filter noise; these are engineering behaviors. The paper models endocrine axes as chains of second order negative feedback loops. Loop settings come from a measurable quantity: how fast each hormone is cleared from blood. Two loop types cover the range, from fast responsive control to stable noise rejecting control. Standard frequency tools then yield readings like bandwidth and phase margin.
The cortisol stress axis serves as the worked example. Its model matches the roughly ninety minute rhythm of cortisol pulses, responses to stimulation tests, and suppression by a standard drug. A table gives clearance derived settings for thirty-six hormones and substrates. Boroujerdi argues that dose timing, not just dose size, decides replacement therapy outcomes. Control language can turn such puzzles into testable questions.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Massoud Boroujerdi |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 45 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |