Self-confidence and body image among adults engaged in daily bodybuilding exercise compared with non-exercising adults: a case-control study
Hayder Ameer Jabor, Bahaa Mirza Skal, Hasan Naeem Kareem, Richard Mottershead · 2026
Read Self-confidence and body image among adults engaged in daily bodybuilding exercise compared with non-exercising adults: a case-control study by Hayder Ameer Jabor, Bahaa Mirza Skal, Hasan Naeem Kareem, Richard Mottershead (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13581573.txt.
Description
Hayder Jabor and three co-authors compare, in 2026 Iraq work, self-trust and body image in daily bodybuilders and in adults who do not train. Weights and gym work are thought to lift how people feel about their looks and their worth. The team set out to test that link in one city.
Ninety-four builders and ninety-four matched peers filled in set scales for both traits. The builders scored higher on self-trust as a whole and on parts such as ease with others and hope. They also scored higher on body image, which means a kinder view of their looks and less distress about them. The pair of scores each foretold group membership on their own. The team warns the link may run both ways, since the proud may train more.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Hayder Ameer Jabor, Bahaa Mirza Skal, Hasan Naeem Kareem, Richard Mottershead |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 45 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |