Development and Expert Consensus of a Stage-Based, Needs-Oriented Non-Pharmacological Sleep Management Program for Liver Transplant Recipients
Ningning Su, Jiawei Zhang, Jin Xia, Yanfei Wu, Lan Jiang · 2026
Read Development and Expert Consensus of a Stage-Based, Needs-Oriented Non-Pharmacological Sleep Management Program for Liver Transplant Recipients by Ningning Su, Jiawei Zhang, Jin Xia, Yanfei Wu, Lan Jiang (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13576843.txt.
Description
Ningning Su and co-authors build a stage-based sleep program for liver transplant patients in a 2026 study. Poor sleep is common after liver transplantation. It drags on daytime function, mood, and recovery. Sleep needs shift across the transplant journey, though.
Interviews with patient-caregiver pairs mapped those changing needs. Literature review and team discussion drafted a preliminary program. Drug-free methods were selected and adapted per stage. Sixteen experts then refined the plan over two Delphi rounds. Every expert responded in both rounds. Authority scores were high and agreement grew significant. Ratings rose while variability shrank between rounds. The final program spans three levels of content. Stage-specific design is the program's defining feature. Implementation in transplant wards is the next step. The authors present a ready, consensus-backed structure.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Ningning Su, Jiawei Zhang, Jin Xia, Yanfei Wu, Lan Jiang |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 70 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |