Understanding Azole Removal: Contribution of Biodegradation and Bioadsorption
Julia Płatkiewicz, Robert Frankowski, Tomasz Grześkowiak, Alina Pruss, Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak · 2026
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Description
Julia Płatkiewicz and co-authors test how sewage sludge handles antifungal drugs in this 2026 paper. Azole antifungals slip through standard wastewater treatment. The team exposed sludge from two treatment plants to nine azoles. Some vanished almost fully within weeks: ketoconazole in about seventeen days, climbazole in about twenty-eight.
Others barely budged, with fluconazole near ten percent gone. Removal also split between eating by microbes and sticking to sludge. Two compounds owed much of their loss to sticking. Breakdown products kept the active azole ring and much of its toxicity. The authors warn that plants pass a real chemical load to rivers.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Julia Płatkiewicz, Robert Frankowski, Tomasz Grześkowiak, Alina Pruss, Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 38 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |