The Classical–Basal Spectrum in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Developmental Framework for Tumour Cell Plasticity and Clinical Translation
Ikra Khan, Azzadinne Belhaj, Alessandro Gemini, Kenza Azra Ibis, Nouman Darsif, Najoua Rouani, Aude Vanlander, Nouredin Messaoudi · 2026
Read The Classical–Basal Spectrum in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Developmental Framework for Tumour Cell Plasticity and Clinical Translation by Ikra Khan, Azzadinne Belhaj, Alessandro Gemini, Kenza Azra Ibis, Nouman Darsif, Najoua Rouani, Aude Vanlander, Nouredin Messaoudi (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13564634.txt.
Description
Ikra Khan and seven co-authors reframe pancreatic cancer types as moving states in this 2026 review. Gene profiling splits this cancer into a classical program and a harsher basal-like program, with different outlooks. Extra proposed classes, the authors note, mostly reflect low tumor purity and travel poorly between datasets.
Their claim is that the two programs are plastic states a tumor cell can slide between, not fixed species. Development signals from the normal pancreas, lineage factors, chemical DNA marks, gene dose, stromal coaching, and treatment pressure all push the slide. Hard evidence backs the outlook gap, but no trial has yet assigned treatment by subtype and won. The review lays out experiments that could prove or break the framework.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Ikra Khan, Azzadinne Belhaj, Alessandro Gemini, Kenza Azra Ibis, Nouman Darsif, Najoua Rouani, Aude Vanlander, Nouredin Messaoudi |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 35 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |