Is Insulin Resistance the Driver or the Outcome of Diabetes Mellitus? A Critical Review
Shafa Shahid, Saadia Qamar, Fouzia Qamar, Aliza Fatima, Endre Máthé, Muniba Khaliq, Roxana Valdés-Ramos · 2026
Read Is Insulin Resistance the Driver or the Outcome of Diabetes Mellitus? A Critical Review by Shafa Shahid, Saadia Qamar, Fouzia Qamar, Aliza Fatima, Endre Máthé, Muniba Khaliq, Roxana Valdés-Ramos (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13552360.txt.
Description
Shafa Shahid and co-authors ask whether insulin resistance drives diabetes or results from it in a 2026 review. The two conditions feed each other in a cycle of high blood sugar and metabolic strain. Untangling which comes first matters for prevention and care.
The review joins mechanism studies, clinic data, and population work on the question. The evidence suggests resistance can be both cause and effect, depending on disease stage and type. Early spotting, lifestyle change, and digital health tools are urged as responses. Long shared studies with standard definitions are needed to settle causal claims, they argue.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Shafa Shahid, Saadia Qamar, Fouzia Qamar, Aliza Fatima, Endre Máthé, Muniba Khaliq, Roxana Valdés-Ramos |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 71 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |