Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut–brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment
Fatima Alnuaimi, Lidya K. Yassin, Salma Alketbi, Jurga Skrabulyte-Barbulescu, Saif Almazrouei, Dana Alremeithi, Noud Alahbabi, Sultan Almarzooqi, Shamma H. Alkuwaiti, Mohammad I. K. Hamad · 2026
Read Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut–brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment by Fatima Alnuaimi, Lidya K. Yassin, Salma Alketbi, Jurga Skrabulyte-Barbulescu, Saif Almazrouei, Dana Alremeithi, Noud Alahbabi, Sultan Almarzooqi, Shamma H. Alkuwaiti, Mohammad I. K. Hamad (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13536827.txt.
Description
Fatima Alnuaimi and nine co-authors wrote a 2026 review on how the microbes in human milk may shape a baby's brain development. The first thousand days of life program immunity, metabolism, and the nervous system. Milk is not sterile: it carries bacteria, sugars that feed them, immune factors, and microbial products, all seeding the infant gut.
The review traces where milk microbes come from: the mother's skin, the baby's mouth, the environment, and a proposed route from the mother's own gut. Feeding stage, delivery mode, antibiotics, diet, obesity, and prematurity all shift the community. The authors then map paths from gut to brain, through nerves, immune signals, hormones, and metabolites. They close with translation ideas, from probiotic design to feeding guidance. Evidence is early but converging.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Fatima Alnuaimi, Lidya K. Yassin, Salma Alketbi, Jurga Skrabulyte-Barbulescu, Saif Almazrouei, Dana Alremeithi, Noud Alahbabi, Sultan Almarzooqi, Shamma H. Alkuwaiti, Mohammad I. K. Hamad |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 132 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |