Perceived risk of developing lung cancer and its association with nicotine dependence and smoking behavior among adults who smoke in Golestan Province, Iran
Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh, Mohammad Hossein Rajaei, Abdurrahman Charkazi · 2026
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Description
Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh, Mohammad Hossein Rajaei, and Abdurrahman Charkazi surveyed 339 adults who smoke in Golestan Province, Iran, for a 2026 study of how much lung cancer risk smokers believe they face. Participants filled in questionnaires covering smoking history, nicotine dependence measured by the Fagerström test, readiness to quit, and their personal sense of risk.
Average perceived risk came to about 7.3 on a scale of twenty, a low to moderate level. People with stronger nicotine dependence rated their risk higher, with each added dependence point lifting the score modestly, while age, years smoked, and readiness to quit showed no clear link. The authors recommend education and support that raise risk awareness and reduce dependence, and they call for larger studies that follow smokers over time.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh, Mohammad Hossein Rajaei, Abdurrahman Charkazi |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 33770 |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |