Prevalence and clinical factors associated with difficult-to-manage axial spondyloarthritis: a multicentre Italian cohort study with meta-analysis
Giulio Forte, Gilberto Cincinelli, Daniele Mauro, Ilenia Pantano, Matteo Ferrito, Saviana Gandolfo, Andrea Amati, Antonio Ciancio, Miriam Longo, Maura Raimondi, Maria Manara, Enrico Tirri, Roberto Caporali, Francesco Ciccia · 2026
Read Prevalence and clinical factors associated with difficult-to-manage axial spondyloarthritis: a multicentre Italian cohort study with meta-analysis by Giulio Forte, Gilberto Cincinelli, Daniele Mauro, Ilenia Pantano, Matteo Ferrito, Saviana Gandolfo, Andrea Amati, Antonio Ciancio, Miriam Longo, Maura Raimondi, Maria Manara, Enrico Tirri, Roberto Caporali, Francesco Ciccia (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13527324.txt.
Description
Forte and a team of colleagues measured in twenty twenty-six how many Italian patients have difficult-to-manage axial spondyloarthritis. The condition is chronic spinal inflammation. A new consensus label marks patients who still suffer despite proper treatment, and a stricter label marks treatment-refractory cases.
Two specialist centers studied two hundred fifty-two patients. Sixteen, about six percent, met the difficult-to-manage definition, and eight met the refractory one. These patients had higher disease activity scores, more spinal pain, and worse self-rated health. Fibromyalgia, eye inflammation called uveitis, and current anti-inflammatory drug use were independently linked to the label. A comparison with an Argentine cohort added consistent links to psoriasis, smoking, and structural spine damage. The authors describe the hard cases as multifactorial.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Giulio Forte, Gilberto Cincinelli, Daniele Mauro, Ilenia Pantano, Matteo Ferrito, Saviana Gandolfo, Andrea Amati, Antonio Ciancio, Miriam Longo, Maura Raimondi, Maria Manara, Enrico Tirri, Roberto Caporali, Francesco Ciccia |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 49 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |