Isoform‐Level Analysis Reveals Reproducible Early Changes in Transcript Usage During Human Vaccine Responses
Lennart Riemann, Ahmed Hassan, Swantje Hammerschmidt, Anja Schimrock, Gunnar Schmidt, Nataliya Di Donato, Reinhold Förster · 2026
Read Isoform‐Level Analysis Reveals Reproducible Early Changes in Transcript Usage During Human Vaccine Responses by Lennart Riemann, Ahmed Hassan, Swantje Hammerschmidt, Anja Schimrock, Gunnar Schmidt, Nataliya Di Donato, Reinhold Förster (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13527259.txt.
Description
Lennart Riemann and co-authors show that vaccination rapidly changes which transcript versions human cells use, published in 2026. Vaccine responses have been studied widely at the gene level, but whether vaccination also alters transcript isoform usage was largely unexplored. The team reanalyzed blood RNA data from recipients of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.
A fast, short-lived wave of changed transcript usage peaked one day after vaccination, with well over a hundred isoforms altered across about a hundred genes, then largely resolved by day fourteen. The switching events repeated in an independent cohort and were confirmed by long-read sequencing. Similar patterns appeared across several other vaccine types, including flu and Ebola vaccines, and varied with dose. The changes touched predicted protein domains and signal peptides in several genes.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Lennart Riemann, Ahmed Hassan, Swantje Hammerschmidt, Anja Schimrock, Gunnar Schmidt, Nataliya Di Donato, Reinhold Förster |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 27 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |