Rare Earth Elements in Testicular Function: Current Knowledge and Future Directions
Alessandra Santillo, Sara Falvo, Massimo Venditti, Maria Maddalena Di Fiore, Giulia Grillo, Gabriella Chieffi Baccari · 2026
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Description
Alessandra Santillo and five colleagues review what rare earth elements do to the testis and male fertility. These metals, used in magnets and electronics, are drawing new attention as health factors. The review is the first full critical survey of their effects on male reproduction in vertebrates.
Lab studies show elements like gadolinium, lanthanum, and yttrium share a harmful pattern: oxidative stress, inflammation, failing mitochondria, hormone disruption, and damage to the blood-testis barrier. Human data, though sparse, link higher levels in semen to poorer sperm quality. One compound breaks the pattern: cerium oxide particles often protected the testis in sick animals. The authors stress that the class is not one thing and needs element-by-element judgment.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Alessandra Santillo, Sara Falvo, Massimo Venditti, Maria Maddalena Di Fiore, Giulia Grillo, Gabriella Chieffi Baccari |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 50 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |