International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXXII. Applying an objective evaluation to the status of class A orphan G protein-coupled receptors
Stephen P.H. Alexander, Kirstie A. Bennett, Andrew J. Brown, Michelle Glass, David E. Gloriam, Julien Hanson, Paul A. Insel, Eamonn Kelly, Christopher J. Langmead, Kirill A. Martemyanov, Rick R. Neubig, Stefan Offermanns, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Gunnar Schulte, Nicola J. Smith, Huixian Wu, Elena Faccen · 2026
Read International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXXII. Applying an objective evaluation to the status of class A orphan G protein-coupled receptors by Stephen P.H. Alexander, Kirstie A. Bennett, Andrew J. Brown, Michelle Glass, David E. Gloriam, Julien Hanson, Paul A. Insel, Eamonn Kelly, Christopher J. Langmead, Kirill A. Martemyanov, Rick R. Neubig, Stefan Offermanns, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Gunnar Schulte, Nicola J. Smith, Huixian Wu, Elena Faccen (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13494238.txt.
Description
Stephen Alexander and co-authors present a 2026 review, written for an international pharmacology union, that sets rules for when a receptor counts as matched with its natural trigger. Many receptors in one large family still have no known trigger and are classed as orphans. Loose claims can muddy the record, so formal pairing needs an objective bar.
The team reviewed 67 orphan receptors in the class A group. Twenty five still lack any known natural activator, though a few have near misses worth watching. The paper walks through the proof needed for each case and gives the committee's verdicts. The goal is a clean, trusted list for drug research.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Stephen P.H. Alexander, Kirstie A. Bennett, Andrew J. Brown, Michelle Glass, David E. Gloriam, Julien Hanson, Paul A. Insel, Eamonn Kelly, Christopher J. Langmead, Kirill A. Martemyanov, Rick R. Neubig, Stefan Offermanns, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Gunnar Schulte, Nicola J. Smith, Huixian Wu, Elena Faccen |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 88 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |