Estrogen metabolites in premenopausal women living in China, Mongolia, and the United Kingdom
Lauren C Houghton, Davaasambuu Ganmaa, Isabel Dos Santos Silva, Roni Falk, Michelle L Lui, Kathleene T Ulanday, Gretchen Gierach, Xia Xu, Dambadarjaa Davaalkham, Wei Zheng, Rebecca Troisi · 2026
Read Estrogen metabolites in premenopausal women living in China, Mongolia, and the United Kingdom by Lauren C Houghton, Davaasambuu Ganmaa, Isabel Dos Santos Silva, Roni Falk, Michelle L Lui, Kathleene T Ulanday, Gretchen Gierach, Xia Xu, Dambadarjaa Davaalkham, Wei Zheng, Rebecca Troisi (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/PMC13491713.txt.
Description
Lauren C Houghton leads an eleven-author team comparing in 2026 estrogen breakdown products in women living in Mongolia, China, and the United Kingdom. Breast cancer rates are lowest in Mongolia, higher in China, and higher still in Britain, and hormone patterns have long been suspected as one explanation. Urine tests measured parent estrogens and thirteen metabolites in premenopausal women across the menstrual cycle.
British women generally carried higher total and parent estrogen levels than Asian women, while their ratio of metabolites to parent hormones was the lowest. Mongolian women showed the highest ratio of all three groups, with Chinese women in between. Parent estrogen levels differed little between the two Asian groups, though Mongolian women had higher metabolite totals. The pattern fits the countries' relative breast cancer risks and hints at a protective style of estrogen processing.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Lauren C Houghton, Davaasambuu Ganmaa, Isabel Dos Santos Silva, Roni Falk, Michelle L Lui, Kathleene T Ulanday, Gretchen Gierach, Xia Xu, Dambadarjaa Davaalkham, Wei Zheng, Rebecca Troisi |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 34898 |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |