Experimental evaluation of fly ash and lime stabilization on the geotechnical characteristics of expansive clay for road subbase applications

Nnadi Ezekiel, Josephine Najjibyo, Deepa Krishnan, Emmanuel Izere · 2026

Read Experimental evaluation of fly ash and lime stabilization on the geotechnical characteristics of expansive clay for road subbase applications by Nnadi Ezekiel, Josephine Najjibyo, Deepa Krishnan, Emmanuel Izere (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13483054.txt.

Description

Ezekiel and colleagues tested cheap ways to firm up swelling clay soil so it can carry roads without cracking. Their 2026 laboratory study mixed expansive clay with fly ash, lime, and granules from waste tyres. Untreated clay swells when wet and shrinks when dry, which breaks road bases. The team measured density, stiffness, and swelling across several mix ratios to find a sweet spot.

A blend using 5 percent combined lime and fly ash cut the soil plasticity index, a swelling measure, by 86 percent in the reported tests. Bearing strength jumped as well, rising from a weak untreated range to a much stronger treated value. Doubling the additives to 10 percent backfired, giving worse results than the smaller dose. Tyre granules raised water demand and lowered density. Ezekiel recommends the modest blend for road subbase work.

Catalog record

CREATORNnadi Ezekiel, Josephine Najjibyo, Deepa Krishnan, Emmanuel Izere
YEAR2026
COLLECTIONPAPERS
FORMATTXT
FILE SIZE32 KB
VERSION1.0
LICENSECC BY 4.0
RIGHTSCC BY
SOURCEEurope PMC

Source: https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13483054

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