Evaluating intramuscular epinephrine in pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (the PRIME trial): study protocol for a multi-centre, stepped-wedge cluster quasi-randomized controlled trial
Samina Idrees, Maysaa Assaf, Matthew Davis, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, Jay Loosley, Michael R Miller, Janice A Tijssen · 2026
Read Evaluating intramuscular epinephrine in pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (the PRIME trial): study protocol for a multi-centre, stepped-wedge cluster quasi-randomized controlled trial by Samina Idrees, Maysaa Assaf, Matthew Davis, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, Jay Loosley, Michael R Miller, Janice A Tijssen (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13471612.txt.
Description
Idrees and co-authors present the PRIME trial protocol, testing whether a simple muscle injection of epinephrine beats the scramble for a vein when a child's heart stops outside hospital. Their 2026 multi-centre design uses a stepped-wedge rollout across paramedic services, with time to return of spontaneous circulation as the main outcome.
The problem is delay: guidelines want epinephrine fast, but placing an intravenous or bone line in a small, poorly perfused child is hard under pressure. In the team's local data, 84% of children got their first dose more than five minutes after paramedics arrived, and 29% waited over ten minutes. Only 2 to 10% of these children survive to hospital discharge nationally, and local survival was 6% in their sample.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Samina Idrees, Maysaa Assaf, Matthew Davis, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, Jay Loosley, Michael R Miller, Janice A Tijssen |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 44 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |