Inadequate fluid replacement during prolonged cycling in the heat impairs time trial performance independent of serum sodium concentrations
Sean A Sage, Fabiana I Smaira, Jeffrey W F Aldous, Martyn G Morris, Andrew Blow, Jonny Tye, Michael L Newell · 2026
Read Inadequate fluid replacement during prolonged cycling in the heat impairs time trial performance independent of serum sodium concentrations by Sean A Sage, Fabiana I Smaira, Jeffrey W F Aldous, Martyn G Morris, Andrew Blow, Jonny Tye, Michael L Newell (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13451347.txt.
Description
Sage and six co-authors test fluid replacement levels during long cycling in the heat, in a study from twenty twenty-six. Losing over two percent of body mass as fluid impairs performance, but sodium rise may share blame. Eleven male cyclists ride three hours in hot, humid air twice. Each trial replaces sixty or eighty percent of fluid losses with matched sodium.
Body mass loss is greater with lower replacement at all time points. Blood sodium stays stable across both trials by design. Higher replacement preserves plasma volume and lowers core temperature late. Time trial times improve by about eight percent with higher replacement. Skin temperature and sweat rate also run higher. Water deficit itself, not sodium, drives the impairment.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Sean A Sage, Fabiana I Smaira, Jeffrey W F Aldous, Martyn G Morris, Andrew Blow, Jonny Tye, Michael L Newell |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 41 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |