Immune response and stuttering: the potential link between cytokines and stutter
Saime Güzelsoy Sagiroglu, Metin Kılınc, Israfil Orhan, Omer Faruk Cinar, Muhammed Gazi Yıldız, Adem Doganer, Emine Elif Altuntas · 2026
Read Immune response and stuttering: the potential link between cytokines and stutter by Saime Güzelsoy Sagiroglu, Metin Kılınc, Israfil Orhan, Omer Faruk Cinar, Muhammed Gazi Yıldız, Adem Doganer, Emine Elif Altuntas (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/PMC13446297.txt.
Description
Saime Güzelsoy Sagiroglu and colleagues put forward a brain inflammation idea for stuttering, testing immune signals in the blood of children who stutter, in a 2026 study. Stuttering disrupts speech flow with repeats, stretches, and blocks, and its roots mix genes with brain wiring. No past work had tied it to immune activity in this way, the authors say.
Blood levels of three signal proteins, interleukin-1, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, ran higher in stuttering children than in peers. Those proteins drive inflammation across the body and can reach the brain. The team reads the gap as a first clue that immune processes may take part in how stuttering arises, and they call for deeper study of the link.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Saime Güzelsoy Sagiroglu, Metin Kılınc, Israfil Orhan, Omer Faruk Cinar, Muhammed Gazi Yıldız, Adem Doganer, Emine Elif Altuntas |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 23 KB |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |