Genetic and Antigenic Characterization of Bovine and Porcine Respiratory Coronaviruses Circulating in Western Europe, 2020–2023
Ruth M. Mumo, Anna Parys, Sieglinde Coppens, Nick Vereecke, Sebastiaan Theuns, Bart Pardon, Kristien Van Reeth · 2026
Read Genetic and Antigenic Characterization of Bovine and Porcine Respiratory Coronaviruses Circulating in Western Europe, 2020–2023 by Ruth M. Mumo, Anna Parys, Sieglinde Coppens, Nick Vereecke, Sebastiaan Theuns, Bart Pardon, Kristien Van Reeth (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/PMC13431604.txt.
Description
Ruth M Mumo and co-authors charted gene change in cattle and pig breath-path coronaviruses found across western Europe from 2020 to 2023. Farm coronaviruses draw far less study than their human kin, though the COVID years showed how fast such viruses can shift. The team read the spike gene of three dozen farm isolates, most from Belgian herds.
Change rates for the cattle virus and one pig virus ran near each other, while a second pig virus shifted more slowly. Unlike the COVID virus, these farm viruses favored quiet gene swaps that leave the built protein much the same, which caps surface change across decades. Blood tests found little surface drift in the pig viruses. Fresh cattle isolates had drifted from the classic vaccine strain, a gap the authors say may merit checks of vaccine strength.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Ruth M. Mumo, Anna Parys, Sieglinde Coppens, Nick Vereecke, Sebastiaan Theuns, Bart Pardon, Kristien Van Reeth |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 37083 |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |