Commensal-derived acetylcholine enhances mucosal immune education
Deguang Song, Brianna Duncan-Lowey, Varnica Khetrapal, Randy Hamchand, Tong Deng, Hailey Brown, Anchi Wu, Anjelica L. Martin, Kaylyn M. Bauer, Yanyu Zhao, Mytien T. Nguyen, Nicole D. Sonnert, Shana R. Leopold, Qihao Wu, Jason M. Crawford, Noah W. Palm · 2026
Read Commensal-derived acetylcholine enhances mucosal immune education by Deguang Song, Brianna Duncan-Lowey, Varnica Khetrapal, Randy Hamchand, Tong Deng, Hailey Brown, Anchi Wu, Anjelica L. Martin, Kaylyn M. Bauer, Yanyu Zhao, Mytien T. Nguyen, Nicole D. Sonnert, Shana R. Leopold, Qihao Wu, Jason M. Crawford, Noah W. Palm (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13391359.txt.
Description
Deguang Song's team found that gut friendly germs make ACh in vivo, teaching the mucus immune system. Screening one hundred friendly strains in germ-free mice and in culture showed in vivo and in vitro profiles switching on G-protein-coupled sensors in varied ways. Host breakdown, germ rewiring, and dietary change drove the differences.
Several strains, including early-life Bifidobacterium and a probiotic Pediococcus, turned dietary choline to ACh. The key enzymes were found, and a cut-out strain was built. Mice settled with ACh-producing Bifidobacterium breve made more gut IgA, revealing a germ nerve-signal route to immune training.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Deguang Song, Brianna Duncan-Lowey, Varnica Khetrapal, Randy Hamchand, Tong Deng, Hailey Brown, Anchi Wu, Anjelica L. Martin, Kaylyn M. Bauer, Yanyu Zhao, Mytien T. Nguyen, Nicole D. Sonnert, Shana R. Leopold, Qihao Wu, Jason M. Crawford, Noah W. Palm |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 88 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |