Patient‐derived organoid‐immune co‐cultures integrated with multi‐omics reveal immunotherapy resistance mechanisms in urothelial carcinoma
Shan Jiang, Yuxuan Song, Yun Peng, Ran Yan, Yunze Niu, Baoqiang Chen, Jiaxing Lin, Jilin Wu, Shixiang Wang, Yiqing Du, Caipeng Qin, Yihan Lin, Tao Xu · 2026
Read Patient‐derived organoid‐immune co‐cultures integrated with multi‐omics reveal immunotherapy resistance mechanisms in urothelial carcinoma by Shan Jiang, Yuxuan Song, Yun Peng, Ran Yan, Yunze Niu, Baoqiang Chen, Jiaxing Lin, Jilin Wu, Shixiang Wang, Yiqing Du, Caipeng Qin, Yihan Lin, Tao Xu (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13377408.txt.
Description
Shan Jiang and co-authors grow bladder tumors in dishes to learn why immunotherapy fails in a 2026 study. A growth switch called FGFR3 drives many urothelial cancers. Its role in resisting immune checkpoint drugs was largely unexplored.
Tumor organoids from patients were paired with immune cells, and several omics layers were read. Tumors with the FGFR3 mutation held few natural killer and killer T cells, and many exhausted ones, matching poor drug response. A targeted drug, erdafitinib, warmed these cold tumors through a newly mapped signal chain. The authors argue for pairing the targeted drug with immunotherapy. The chain runs from the switch through two relay proteins.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Shan Jiang, Yuxuan Song, Yun Peng, Ran Yan, Yunze Niu, Baoqiang Chen, Jiaxing Lin, Jilin Wu, Shixiang Wang, Yiqing Du, Caipeng Qin, Yihan Lin, Tao Xu |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 22 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |