Analyzing the Effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy after Botulinum Toxin Injection on Calf Muscle Spasticity Improvement in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis – A Randomized Clinical Trial
Shila Haghighat, Marjan Ghasri, Babak Vahdatpour, Vahid Shaygannejad · 2026
Read Analyzing the Effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy after Botulinum Toxin Injection on Calf Muscle Spasticity Improvement in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis – A Randomized Clinical Trial by Shila Haghighat, Marjan Ghasri, Babak Vahdatpour, Vahid Shaygannejad (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13349353.txt.
Description
Shila Haghighat and co-authors tested in 2026 whether shockwave therapy after botulinum toxin jabs further eases calf stiffness in multiple sclerosis. Stiffness, with raised muscle tone, limits movement and daily function. Multi-part treatment is often needed.
Twenty people were split at random into two groups of ten. One got toxin alone. One got toxin plus outside-body shockwave therapy. Outcomes were read at ten days, one month, and two months. Ankle bend range, Ashworth stiffness scores, and pain ratings were weighed. Ankle bend range showed no marked group gap. Yet other measures hinted at added gain from the join. The small trial helps clinicians judge whether shockwaves merit a place after toxin jabs.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Shila Haghighat, Marjan Ghasri, Babak Vahdatpour, Vahid Shaygannejad |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 26 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |