Pelvic Examination in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review
Carol Boutrous, Shweta Rao, Anna Harvey Bluemel, Megan E. L. Brown, Heidi Stelling · 2026
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Description
Carol Boutrous and co-authors map how pelvic examination is taught to undergraduate medical students, a core skill combining technique with communication, consent, and patient-centred care. Teaching opportunities vary widely and earlier reviews focused on short-term learner outcomes. Their 2026 scoping review searches the literature to May 2026 and includes fifty-five studies.
Approaches split into received knowledge, such as lectures, videos, and e-learning, and experiential methods, including models, professional patients, and real clinical encounters, with most programmes mixing several. Evaluation concentrated on learner confidence and perceived competence; no study measured behaviour change or patient-level outcomes. Implementation depended on resources, workforce pressures, organisational culture, and equity concerns. The authors call for balanced, culturally sensitive teaching and research that follows students into practice and asks patients about their experience.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Carol Boutrous, Shweta Rao, Anna Harvey Bluemel, Megan E. L. Brown, Heidi Stelling |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 43 KB |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |