Preparation and performance of alkali-activated synchronous grouting material incorporating shield muck
Huifang Zhang, Lei Wang, Yingxue Wang, Chengqian Qu, Zheying Liu, Xiaoli Chai, Haifang Zhang, Peng Wang, Jie Chen, Zheng Liu · 2026
Read Preparation and performance of alkali-activated synchronous grouting material incorporating shield muck by Huifang Zhang, Lei Wang, Yingxue Wang, Chengqian Qu, Zheying Liu, Xiaoli Chai, Haifang Zhang, Peng Wang, Jie Chen, Zheng Liu (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13333862.txt.
Description
Huifang Zhang and co-authors turn tunnel-boring muck into grout in a 2026 study. Shield tunneling under cities produces mountains of spoil that cost money to dump. Synchronous grouting, pumped behind the tunnel lining as the machine advances, could consume it.
The muck replaced river sand from none to all of the fine fraction. Alkali-activated binders mixed fly ash, slag, steel slag, and silica fume. More muck meant a stiffer, faster-setting slurry, though it never bled water. Strength rose then fell, peaking at forty percent muck for both early and month-old tests. Salt and freeze-thaw resistance faded as muck climbed. The recipe trades a waste pile for a working material.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Huifang Zhang, Lei Wang, Yingxue Wang, Chengqian Qu, Zheying Liu, Xiaoli Chai, Haifang Zhang, Peng Wang, Jie Chen, Zheng Liu |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 70 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |