Bivalve mollusks as sentinels: Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii on Maranhão Island in northeastern Brazil
Ellainy Maria Conceição Silva, Anna Leticia Pinto Silva, Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves, Gabriel Garcês Santos, Maria do Socorro Costa Oliveira, Rosângela Zacarias Machado, Nancyleni Pinto Chaves Bezerra, Alcina Vieira de Carvalho Neta · 2026
Read Bivalve mollusks as sentinels: Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii on Maranhão Island in northeastern Brazil by Ellainy Maria Conceição Silva, Anna Leticia Pinto Silva, Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves, Gabriel Garcês Santos, Maria do Socorro Costa Oliveira, Rosângela Zacarias Machado, Nancyleni Pinto Chaves Bezerra, Alcina Vieira de Carvalho Neta (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/PMC13292464.txt.
Description
Ellainy Maria Conceição Silva and co-authors use a 2026 shellfish survey to test whether Maranhão Island's bivalves carry Toxoplasma gondii, the parasite behind toxoplasmosis. Oysters, mussels, and clams came from natural mangrove beds around four island municipalities through 2022, in both rainy and dry seasons. Gill tissue pools underwent DNA extraction and gene testing targeting SAG1, with deeper marker panels for positives.
Three mussel pools, 1.8 percent of the sixty tested, came back positive, all from rainy-season collections in Raposa and São José de Ribamar. Sequence matching confirmed 98 to 100 percent similarity with known Toxoplasma sequences, though extra markers failed to amplify, limiting genotype claims. Tree analysis grouped the finds with classical genotype references. The authors recommend monitoring shellfish grounds as a food safety measure.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Ellainy Maria Conceição Silva, Anna Leticia Pinto Silva, Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves, Gabriel Garcês Santos, Maria do Socorro Costa Oliveira, Rosângela Zacarias Machado, Nancyleni Pinto Chaves Bezerra, Alcina Vieira de Carvalho Neta |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 21969 |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |