Immune response in honey bees (Apis mellifera) following humic substance feeding
Lenka Kollár Moskáľová, Natália Chomová, Marek Ratvaj, Rastislav Sabo, Jiří Danihlík, Silvie Dostálková, Bisa Saraswathy, Mette Sørensen, Md Abdul Latif, Youngjin Park, Dagmar Mudroňová · 2026
Read Immune response in honey bees (Apis mellifera) following humic substance feeding by Lenka Kollár Moskáľová, Natália Chomová, Marek Ratvaj, Rastislav Sabo, Jiří Danihlík, Silvie Dostálková, Bisa Saraswathy, Mette Sørensen, Md Abdul Latif, Youngjin Park, Dagmar Mudroňová (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/PMC13279511.txt.
Description
Lenka Kollar Moskalova and colleagues report a 2026 study of humic substances fed to honey bees. Humic substances are dark, soil born compounds sold as a natural health aid for people and animals. Their effect on bees was little known. New worker bees were kept in lab cages for seven days. One group got plain sugar syrup and the other got syrup with a small dose of a humic product.
Tests read immune gene use, germ fighter proteins, cell guard enzymes and blood cell types. Two defence genes rose with the feed, one that fights cell rust and one that starts a dark pigment defence. Two germ fighter genes fell. Fat damage marks and guard enzyme acts were also tracked. The mixed shift shows humic feed tunes, not just boosts, bee defence.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Lenka Kollár Moskáľová, Natália Chomová, Marek Ratvaj, Rastislav Sabo, Jiří Danihlík, Silvie Dostálková, Bisa Saraswathy, Mette Sørensen, Md Abdul Latif, Youngjin Park, Dagmar Mudroňová |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 37936 |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |