Assessment of human immunity to A/H3N2 influenza subclade K during 2025 emergence
Ruth Harvey, Ceilidh Welsh, Alexander MP. Byrne, David Greenwood, Phoebe Stevenson-Leggett, Monica Galiano, Dalan Bailey, Yung-Wai Chan, Jacob Boateng, Hannah Wolmuth-Gordon, Heather Whitaker, Kevin E. Brown, Anna Jeffery-Smith, Alex Allen, Gayatri Amirthanlingam, Even Fossum, Elisabeth Lea Vikse, Andreas Rohringer, Olav Hungnes, Karoline Bragstad, Charles Swanton, Bryan Williams, Sonia Gandhi, Steve Gamblin, Edward J. Carr, Nicola S. Lewis, Emma C. Wall, Mary Y. Wu, Giulia Dowgier, Giulia Dowgier, Agnieszka Hobbs, Choon Ping Tan, Jarod Zvartau-Hind, Murad Miah, Odiesia Daley, Mauro Miranda, Philip Bawumia, Nicola O’Reilly, Chris Cheshire, Nicholas Wilson · 2026
Read Assessment of human immunity to A/H3N2 influenza subclade K during 2025 emergence by Ruth Harvey, Ceilidh Welsh, Alexander MP. Byrne, David Greenwood, Phoebe Stevenson-Leggett, Monica Galiano, Dalan Bailey, Yung-Wai Chan, Jacob Boateng, Hannah Wolmuth-Gordon, Heather Whitaker, Kevin E. Brown, Anna Jeffery-Smith, Alex Allen, Gayatri Amirthanlingam, Even Fossum, Elisabeth Lea Vikse, Andreas Rohringer, Olav Hungnes, Karoline Bragstad, Charles Swanton, Bryan Williams, Sonia Gandhi, Steve Gamblin, Edward J. Carr, Nicola S. Lewis, Emma C. Wall, Mary Y. Wu, Giulia Dowgier, Giulia Dowgier, Agnieszka Hobbs, Choon Ping Tan, Jarod Zvartau-Hind, Murad Miah, Odiesia Daley, Mauro Miranda, Philip Bawumia, Nicola O’Reilly, Chris Cheshire, Nicholas Wilson (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/PMC13276524.txt.
Description
Ruth Harvey and co-authors report a 2026 journal article testing human immunity to a new flu strain that emerged in 2025. The strain, a subclade K version of A/H3N2 flu, carried many changes in its surface protein, raising fears it might dodge vaccines. Yet the season in Britain looked fairly normal.
The team mapped how the new virus relates to recent strains, then tested blood from two hundred forty-three people in Britain and Norway. Cohorts spanned ages one to over one hundred. The seasonal vaccine, though built for an earlier strain, boosted antibodies against all tested viruses, including the new subclade. People of every age group already showed some reactivity to the emergent virus, with no age band standing out as unprotected. The authors urge including blood profiling in future flu risk assessments.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Ruth Harvey, Ceilidh Welsh, Alexander MP. Byrne, David Greenwood, Phoebe Stevenson-Leggett, Monica Galiano, Dalan Bailey, Yung-Wai Chan, Jacob Boateng, Hannah Wolmuth-Gordon, Heather Whitaker, Kevin E. Brown, Anna Jeffery-Smith, Alex Allen, Gayatri Amirthanlingam, Even Fossum, Elisabeth Lea Vikse, Andreas Rohringer, Olav Hungnes, Karoline Bragstad, Charles Swanton, Bryan Williams, Sonia Gandhi, Steve Gamblin, Edward J. Carr, Nicola S. Lewis, Emma C. Wall, Mary Y. Wu, Giulia Dowgier, Giulia Dowgier, Agnieszka Hobbs, Choon Ping Tan, Jarod Zvartau-Hind, Murad Miah, Odiesia Daley, Mauro Miranda, Philip Bawumia, Nicola O’Reilly, Chris Cheshire, Nicholas Wilson |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 43468 |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |