The Noradrenergic Brain in Parkinson’s Disease
Jacopo Pasquini, Giovanni Palermo, Nicola Pavese, Roberto Ceravolo · 2026
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Description
Jacopo Pasquini is lead author of a 2026 review on the noradrenergic system in Parkinson's disease. Noradrenaline activity in the brain shapes behaviour, thinking, movement, arousal, and sleep, and this review summarises imaging evidence on how that system fails in Parkinson's and what symptoms follow.
Brain scans show loss of signal in the locus coeruleus, a small noradrenaline hub, and positron emission scans show noradrenergic nerve loss across deep and surface brain areas. More severe noradrenergic dysfunction tracks with cognitive decline, apathy, acting out dreams in sleep, and autonomic problems, while tremor-dominant Parkinson's keeps better transmission. Noradrenergic failure also feeds tremor and freezing of gait. Drug treatment for these features still lags, the authors note.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Jacopo Pasquini, Giovanni Palermo, Nicola Pavese, Roberto Ceravolo |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 66710 |
| LICENSE | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |