Association between obstructive sleep apnea and sex hormones in U.S. adult males: a population-based study
Yuan Ji, Pengbo Hua, Haoyue Gao, Qiming Liang, Jingqing Wu, Liwei Peng, Jingqi Wang · 2026
Read Association between obstructive sleep apnea and sex hormones in U.S. adult males: a population-based study by Yuan Ji, Pengbo Hua, Haoyue Gao, Qiming Liang, Jingqing Wu, Liwei Peng, Jingqi Wang (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13244391.txt.
Description
Yuan Ji and co-authors used a national health survey to ask how sleep apnea risk lines up with men's sex hormones. Their analysis appeared in Sexual Medicine in 2026. It covered 2,218 United States adult men from the 2015-2016 national examination survey, with apnea risk scored by a prediction index and hormones measured by precise laboratory methods. Models adjusted for demographics, clinical factors, and, crucially, body weight.
Men at higher apnea risk showed lower total testosterone and lower sex hormone-binding globulin. Free testosterone, the fraction tissues can actually use, was preserved, a pattern the binding protein helps explain. Body mass strongly moderated the relationships, tying the hormone picture to obesity as much as to breathing. The authors describe a profile of low total but intact free testosterone in men flagged for apnea. Clinicians, they suggest, should check the free fraction before diagnosing hormone deficiency in such men.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Yuan Ji, Pengbo Hua, Haoyue Gao, Qiming Liang, Jingqing Wu, Liwei Peng, Jingqi Wang |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 43 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |