A reproducible optical–microscopic framework for evaluating electronic apex locator performance in different irrigants using 3D-printed transparent resin teeth
Tran-Lan-Khue Pham, Quoc-Viet Lam, Dai-Phong Lam, Thi-Nguyet-Anh Nguyen, Hoang-Vinh Le, Thi-Thuy-Trang Huynh, Huynh-Anh Bui, Hoang-Lan-Anh Le, Phuong-Doan Phan, Nguyen-Tra-Mi Le, Thuan-Loc Tran, An-Tran Pham, Trieu-Khang Pham, Ngoc-Phuong-Anh Nguyen, Van-Khoa Pham, Anh-Minh Ngo, Thi-Kim-Nguyen Vo, T · 2026
Read A reproducible optical–microscopic framework for evaluating electronic apex locator performance in different irrigants using 3D-printed transparent resin teeth by Tran-Lan-Khue Pham, Quoc-Viet Lam, Dai-Phong Lam, Thi-Nguyet-Anh Nguyen, Hoang-Vinh Le, Thi-Thuy-Trang Huynh, Huynh-Anh Bui, Hoang-Lan-Anh Le, Phuong-Doan Phan, Nguyen-Tra-Mi Le, Thuan-Loc Tran, An-Tran Pham, Trieu-Khang Pham, Ngoc-Phuong-Anh Nguyen, Van-Khoa Pham, Anh-Minh Ngo, Thi-Kim-Nguyen Vo, T (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13243412.txt.
Description
Tran-Lan-Khue Pham and a large team present a 2026 method for testing dental devices that find the tip of a root canal. Getting that length right matters for clean, well-sealed root canal work. Electronic locators are hard to judge because real teeth vary and hide the file tip from view.
The team scanned ten human premolars and printed 100 clear resin copies of them. Two motor systems with built-in locators were tested in two rinsing fluids, under still and moving conditions. A paired microscope setup tracked the file tip with fine precision. Readings agreed closely across modes and fluids. The clear models offer a shared yardstick for clinics, makers, and training.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Tran-Lan-Khue Pham, Quoc-Viet Lam, Dai-Phong Lam, Thi-Nguyet-Anh Nguyen, Hoang-Vinh Le, Thi-Thuy-Trang Huynh, Huynh-Anh Bui, Hoang-Lan-Anh Le, Phuong-Doan Phan, Nguyen-Tra-Mi Le, Thuan-Loc Tran, An-Tran Pham, Trieu-Khang Pham, Ngoc-Phuong-Anh Nguyen, Van-Khoa Pham, Anh-Minh Ngo, Thi-Kim-Nguyen Vo, T |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 33 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |