Prevalence and severity of anxiety, depression, and stress among optometry students in Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Michael Agyemang Kwarteng, Osamudiamen McHillary Ogiemudia, Bernadine N. Ekpenyong, Okechi U. Amaechi, Grace Ogbonna, Edith I. Daniel-Nwosu, Ngozika Esther Ezinne, Oforbuike Onyebuchi Ike, Kelechi C. Ogbuechi, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu · 2026
Read Prevalence and severity of anxiety, depression, and stress among optometry students in Nigeria: A cross-sectional study by Michael Agyemang Kwarteng, Osamudiamen McHillary Ogiemudia, Bernadine N. Ekpenyong, Okechi U. Amaechi, Grace Ogbonna, Edith I. Daniel-Nwosu, Ngozika Esther Ezinne, Oforbuike Onyebuchi Ike, Kelechi C. Ogbuechi, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu (2026) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-13210219.txt.
Description
Mental distress is widespread among Nigeria's future eye clinicians, and a 2026 survey headed by Michael Agyemang Kwarteng takes the measure across ten universities. The web-based cross-sectional study collected Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale responses from 474 optometry students between April and November 2024.
About half the students reported depressive symptoms, and severe anxiety affected more than a third of respondents in the survey. One in four carried all three burdens at once, and nearly half had at least two conditions together in the data. Women faced significantly higher odds of depression and overall distress than men, leading the authors to demand structured support inside training programs.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Michael Agyemang Kwarteng, Osamudiamen McHillary Ogiemudia, Bernadine N. Ekpenyong, Okechi U. Amaechi, Grace Ogbonna, Edith I. Daniel-Nwosu, Ngozika Esther Ezinne, Oforbuike Onyebuchi Ike, Kelechi C. Ogbuechi, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2026 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 26 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |