Trifid mandibular condyle: An outlier from normal physiology with review
Ajit Mishra, Arkaprava Banerjee, Rudra P Chatterjee · 2025
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Description
Ajit Mishra, Arkaprava Banerjee, and Rudra Chatterjee report a rare jaw joint variant in a 2025 paper, with a literature review. The jaw joint is a complex structure needed for normal jaw function. In this variant, the condyle head splits into three separate heads divided by grooves. The two head form is far more studied. Their case adds a unique example of the three head form.
The variant can appear on one side, more often the left, or on both sides. It causes some facial asymmetry, yet jaw joint function may stay almost normal, the review finds. Readers learn how a striking anatomical oddity can coexist with near normal daily function, and why it can be missed.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Ajit Mishra, Arkaprava Banerjee, Rudra P Chatterjee |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2025 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 15 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |