Beyond monoclonal antibodies: constraints and the case for alternative PD-1/PD-L1-targeting formats
Natalia O. Porozova, Natalia V. Petukhova, Maxim A. Gureev, Ivan S. Moiseev, Igor E. Eliseev, Ludmila V. Fedorova, Yuri B. Porozov · 2025
Read Beyond monoclonal antibodies: constraints and the case for alternative PD-1/PD-L1-targeting formats by Natalia O. Porozova, Natalia V. Petukhova, Maxim A. Gureev, Ivan S. Moiseev, Igor E. Eliseev, Ludmila V. Fedorova, Yuri B. Porozov (2025) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-12753384.txt.
Description
Natalia Porozova and six co-authors offer a 2025 review of new ways to block the PD-1 and PD-L1 pathway in cancer care. Antibodies that block this pathway have set survival records in many tumor types. Yet they enter tumors unevenly, linger long in the body, and can spark immune side effects.
The review covers paired antibody plans, two-target antibodies, and smaller antibody forms with tuned body life. It also weighs local delivery and gene-encoded forms that raise drug levels inside tumors. Past antibodies, it looks at small drugs, decoy receptors, and aptamers. The authors argue for fit-for-context design: match the format to each tumor. They hold that classic antibodies stay central, with new forms filling their gaps.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Natalia O. Porozova, Natalia V. Petukhova, Maxim A. Gureev, Ivan S. Moiseev, Igor E. Eliseev, Ludmila V. Fedorova, Yuri B. Porozov |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2025 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 79 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |