Urinary Incontinence and Its Relationship with Obstetric, Age, and Ethnic Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Cristian Santiago Torres, Katherine Geovanna Esparza, Verónica Alexandra Celi · 2025
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Description
Cristian Santiago Torres and two co-authors related the type of urinary incontinence a woman has to her childbirth history, age, and ethnic group, in a study of 2,039 women in northern Ecuador. Participants from three provinces completed an incontinence questionnaire. The team separated stress incontinence, urge incontinence, and the mixed form, then tested each against delivery type, number of births, age band, and ethnicity.
The patterns split cleanly by type. Stress incontinence was tied to cesarean birth, to having no children, to young adulthood, and to Karanki ethnicity. Urge incontinence tracked with vaginal delivery, many births, older age, and Awá ethnicity. The mixed form linked most strongly to cesarean birth, very high parity, advanced age, and white ethnicity, with some strikingly large risk ratios. The authors say these patterns can shape prevention and early treatment programs for Ecuadorian women, whose quality of life suffers when incontinence goes unmanaged.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Cristian Santiago Torres, Katherine Geovanna Esparza, Verónica Alexandra Celi |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2025 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 20 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |