Molecular Characterization and Genomic Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Gene Variants Circulating in Iraq: Mutational Impact on ACE2 Affinity, RBD Immune Escape, and Viral Transmission
Anfal Mohammed Khudhair, Duaa Mohammed Abdulsatar, Sahar Taha Hatif, Dunya Jawad Ridha, Munim Radwan Ali, Jaafar Alsadiq Arkan Farhan Ali, Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari · 2025
Read Molecular Characterization and Genomic Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Gene Variants Circulating in Iraq: Mutational Impact on ACE2 Affinity, RBD Immune Escape, and Viral Transmission by Anfal Mohammed Khudhair, Duaa Mohammed Abdulsatar, Sahar Taha Hatif, Dunya Jawad Ridha, Munim Radwan Ali, Jaafar Alsadiq Arkan Farhan Ali, Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari (2025) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-12714075.txt.
Description
Anfal Mohammed Khudhair leads a team of seven in a 2025 study of the coronavirus spike gene in Iraq. The spike is the virus's key for entering cells and dodging immunity, so its changes steer spread. Iraq's own variant picture had not been drawn in full before.
The team sequenced whole genomes from Iraqi samples and compared them with world data. Most local strains fell in the Delta branch and one older branch. Four spike changes got close reads for their grip on the cell key and their help in immune escape. One grip-tightening change showed up in over nine in ten samples.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Anfal Mohammed Khudhair, Duaa Mohammed Abdulsatar, Sahar Taha Hatif, Dunya Jawad Ridha, Munim Radwan Ali, Jaafar Alsadiq Arkan Farhan Ali, Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2025 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 59 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |