Acid and Alkali Chemical Assault Burns (Vitriolage): A Systematic Review of Epidemiology
John Warner-Levy, Zeeshan Sheikh, Karl Walsh · 2025
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Description
Throwing acid or alkali at a person leaves deep burns, yet solid data on these assaults are scarce. The authors run a systematic review of peer-reviewed reports with original cases, searching two databases up to May 2024. They gather details on victims, attackers, settings, substances, and motives. Across the reports, victims average about 29 years old, and women make up just over half, while men commit nearly nine in ten attacks.
Over half of the victims are illiterate, and homemakers are the most affected occupation. Attacks happen most often on the street, and acid is the weapon in about 70 percent of cases. Most victims already know their attacker, and land or property disputes are the leading motive. The head, face, and eyes take the largest share of burns. The authors warn that many figures rest on sparse data and call for coordinated recording by hospitals, police, and governments.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | John Warner-Levy, Zeeshan Sheikh, Karl Walsh |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2025 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 21 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |