Synergy of radiotherapy, focused ultrasound, and immunotherapy in the treatment of brain metastases
Lucía Boffelli, Cristina Fimiani, Nicolás Gonzalo Núñez, Jenny Christine Kienzler · 2025
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Description
Lucía Boffelli and co-authors review triple teamwork against brain metastases: radiation, focused ultrasound, and immunotherapy. Their twenty twenty-five review treats the most common tumors found inside the skull. Immune drugs show more promise here than in glioblastoma, yet barriers remain.
The blood-brain barrier shields brain tumors from drugs and immune cells. Focused ultrasound can loosen that barrier for a time. Radiation can also stir immune responses inside a tumor. The review gathers recent clinical studies on how the three methods boost each other. The aim is a combined playbook that turns a guarded site into reachable ground.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Lucía Boffelli, Cristina Fimiani, Nicolás Gonzalo Núñez, Jenny Christine Kienzler |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2025 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 43 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |