The Formation of γ-Valerolactone from Renewable Levulinic Acid over Ni-Cu Fly Ash Zeolite Catalysts
Margarita Popova, Silviya Boycheva, Ivan Dimitrov, Momtchil Dimitrov, Daniela Kovacheva, Daniela Karashanova, Nikolay Velinov, Genoveva Atanasova, Agnes Szegedi, Sreekantha B Jonnalagadda · 2024
Read The Formation of γ-Valerolactone from Renewable Levulinic Acid over Ni-Cu Fly Ash Zeolite Catalysts by Margarita Popova, Silviya Boycheva, Ivan Dimitrov, Momtchil Dimitrov, Daniela Kovacheva, Daniela Karashanova, Nikolay Velinov, Genoveva Atanasova, Agnes Szegedi, Sreekantha B Jonnalagadda (2024) in the Tower of Babel, a free online library of public-domain works preserved in clean, searchable text. No sign-up. The full text is served as a plain-text file at a predictable URL, where text is present: https://antarctic-labs.com/tower-of-babel/pmc-11643475.txt.
Description
Margarita Popova and co-authors turn coal fly ash into catalysts that upgrade a plant acid into a useful solvent and fuel add-in. Their 2024 study builds three zeolite kinds from ash, then loads them with nickel and copper. The target acid comes from plant waste, and the product is a ring compound prized as a green solvent.
Tests under hydrogen pressure in water show two of the three catalysts convert all the acid, with yields above seventy-five percent at the higher heat. Metal pairs alloy in the working catalyst, and the alloy shifts how nickel reduces. Staying power of the metal spread matters more than pore traits, the team finds. Support reshaping after use is also reported.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Margarita Popova, Silviya Boycheva, Ivan Dimitrov, Momtchil Dimitrov, Daniela Kovacheva, Daniela Karashanova, Nikolay Velinov, Genoveva Atanasova, Agnes Szegedi, Sreekantha B Jonnalagadda |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2024 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 51 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |