Association of Smoking with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3 to 5: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Zhilong Zhang, Feifei Zhang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Lanlan Lu, Luxia Zhang · 2024
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Description
Zhilong Zhang and four co-authors ask whether smoking truly causes chronic kidney disease, using genes as a natural experiment. Their 2024 study pairs a classic cohort analysis of the UK Biobank, near half a million adults, with Mendelian randomization, which leans on gene variants tied to smoking habits to dodge confounding.
The classic analysis agreed with older work: smokers showed a higher risk of reaching kidney disease stages 3 to 5, with risk up about a quarter. The genetic analyses told a different story. In both the one-sample test on 344,255 participants and a two-sample test on outside genome data, lifetime smoking showed no causal link to kidney disease. Sensitivity checks held firm. The authors conclude the smoking-kidney tie is likely driven by other shared factors.
Catalog record
| CREATOR | Zhilong Zhang, Feifei Zhang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Lanlan Lu, Luxia Zhang |
|---|---|
| YEAR | 2024 |
| COLLECTION | PAPERS |
| FORMAT | TXT |
| FILE SIZE | 33 KB |
| VERSION | 1.0 |
| LICENSE | CC BY 4.0 |
| RIGHTS | CC BY |
| SOURCE | Europe PMC |